Summa Theologiae Part Suppl. — Supplement Question 001 — Question 1 — Contrition 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether contrition is an assumed sorrow for sins with the purpose of confessing and making satisfaction? Article 2 — Whether contrition is an act of virtue? Article 3 — Whether attrition can become contrition? Question 002 — Question 2 — The Object of Contrition 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a man should be contrite on account of the punishment, and not only on account of his sin? Article 2 — Whether contrition should be on account of original sin? Article 3 — Whether we should have contrition for every actual sin? Article 4 — Whether a man is bound to have contrition for his future sins? Article 5 — Whether a man ought to have contrition for another’s sin? Article 6 — Whether it is necessary to have contrition for each mortal sin? Question 003 — Question 3 — The Degree of Contrition 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether contrition is the greatest possible sorrow in the world? Article 2 — Whether the sorrow of contrition can be too great? Article 3 — Whether sorrow for one sin should be greater than for another? Question 004 — Question 4 — The Time for Contrition 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the whole of this life is the time for contrition? Article 2 — Whether it is expedient to grieve for sin continually? Article 3 — Whether our souls are contrite for sins even after this life? Question 005 — Question 5 — The Effect of Contrition 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the forgiveness of sin is the effect of contrition? Article 2 — Whether contrition can take away the debt of punishment entirely? Article 3 — Whether slight contrition suffices to blot out great sins? Question 006 — Question 6 — The Necessity of Confession 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether confession is necessary for salvation? Article 2 — Whether confession is according to the natural law? Article 3 — Whether all are bound to confession? Article 4 — Whether it is lawful for a man to confess a sin which he has not committed? Article 5 — Whether one is bound to confess at once? Article 6 — Whether one can be dispensed from confession? Question 007 — Question 7 — The Nature of Confession 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether Augustine fittingly defines confession? Article 2 — Whether confession is an act of virtue? Article 3 — Whether confession is an act of the virtue of penance? Question 008 — Question 8 — The Minister of Confession 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether it is necessary to confess to a priest? Article 2 — Whether it is ever lawful to confess to another than a priest? Article 3 — Whether, outside a case of necessity, anyone who is not a priest may hear the confession of venial sins? Article 4 — Whether it is necessary for one to confess to one’s own priest? Article 5 — Whether it is lawful for anyone to confess to another than his own priest, in virtue of a privilege or a command given by a superior? Article 6 — Whether a penitent, at the point of death, can be absolved by any priest? Article 7 — Whether the temporal punishment is imposed according to the degree of the fault? Question 009 — Question 9 — The Quality of Confession 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether confession can be lacking in form? Article 2 — Whether confession should be entire? Article 3 — Whether one may confess through another, or by writing? Article 4 — Whether the sixteen conditions usually assigned are necessary for confession? Question 010 — Question 10 — The Effect of Confession 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether confession delivers one from the death of sin? Article 2 — Whether confession delivers from punishment in some way? Article 3 — Whether confession opens paradise? Article 4 — Whether confession gives hope of salvation? Article 5 — Whether a general confession suffices to blot out forgotten mortal sins? Question 011 — Question 11 — The Seal of Confession 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether in every case the priest is bound to hide the sins which he knows under the seal of confession? Article 2 — Whether the seal of confession extends to other matters than those which have reference to confession? Article 3 — Whether the priest alone is bound by the seal of confession? Article 4 — Whether by the penitent’s permission a priest may reveal to another a sin which he knows under the seal of confession? Article 5 — Whether a man may reveal that which he knows through confession and through some other source besides? Question 012 — Question 12 — Satisfaction 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether satisfaction is a virtue or an act of virtue? Article 2 — Whether satisfaction is an act of justice? Article 3 — Whether the definition of satisfaction given by Augustine is suitable? Question 013 — Question 13 — The Possibility of Satisfaction 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether man can make satisfaction to God? Article 2 — Whether one man can fulfill satisfactory punishment for another? Question 014 — Question 14 — The Quality of Satisfaction 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a man can satisfy for one sin without satisfying for another? Article 2 — Whether, when deprived of charity, a man can make satisfaction for sins for which he was previously contrite? Article 3 — Whether previous satisfaction begins to avail after man is restored to charity? Article 4 — Whether works done without charity merit any, at least temporal, good? Article 5 — Whether the aforesaid works avail for the mitigation of the pains of hell? Question 015 — Question 15 — The Means of Making Satisfaction 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether satisfaction must be made by means of penal works? Article 2 — Whether the scourges whereby we are punished by God in this life are satisfactory? Article 3 — Whether the works of satisfaction are suitably enumerated by saying that there are three: namely, almsgiving, fasting, and prayer? Question 016 — Question 16 — The Recipients of Penance 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether penance can be in the innocent? Article 2 — Whether the saints in glory have penance? Article 3 — Whether an angel, good or bad, can be the subject of penance? Question 017 — Question 17 — The Keys of the Church 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether there should be keys in the Church? Article 2 — Whether the key is the power of binding and loosing? Article 3 — Whether there are two keys or only one? Question 018 — Question 18 — The Effect of the Keys 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the power of the keys extends to the remission of guilt? Article 2 — Whether a priest can remit sin as to the punishment? Article 3 — Whether the priest can bind through the power of the keys? Article 4 — Whether the priest can bind and loose according to his own judgment? Question 019 — Question 19 — The Ministers and the Use of the Keys 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the priest of the law had the keys? Article 2 — Whether Christ had the key? Article 3 — Whether priests alone have the keys? Article 4 — Whether holy men who are not priests have the keys? Article 5 — Whether wicked priests have the use of the keys? Article 6 — Whether those who are schismatics, heretics, excommunicate, suspended or degraded have the use of the keys? Question 020 — Question 20 — Those on Whom the Power of the Keys Can Be Exercised 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a priest can use the key which he has on any man? Article 2 — Whether a priest can always absolve his subject? Article 3 — Whether a man can use the keys with regard to his superior? Question 021 — Question 21 — Excommunication 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether excommunication is suitably defined as “separation from the communion of the Church as to fruit and general suffrages”? Article 2 — Whether the Church should excommunicate anyone? Article 3 — Whether anyone should be excommunicated for inflicting temporal harm? Article 4 — Whether an excommunication unjustly pronounced has any effect? Question 022 — Question 22 — Who Can Excommunicate and Be Excommunicated 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether every priest can excommunicate? Article 2 — Whether those who are not priests can excommunicate? Article 3 — Whether a man who is excommunicated or suspended can excommunicate another? Article 4 — Whether a man can excommunicate himself, his equal, or his superior? Article 5 — Whether a sentence of excommunication can be passed on a university? Article 6 — Whether a man can be excommunicated who is already under sentence of excommunication? Question 023 — Question 23 — Communication with Excommunicated Persons 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether it is lawful, in matters purely corporal, to communicate with an excommunicated person? Article 2 — Whether a person incurs excommunication for communicating with one who is excommunicated? Article 3 — Whether it is always a mortal sin to communicate with an excommunicated person in other cases than those in which it is allowed? Question 024 — Question 24 — Absolution from Excommunication 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether any priest can absolve his subject from excommunication? Article 2 — Whether anyone can be absolved against his will? Article 3 — Whether a man can be absolved from one excommunication without being absolved from all? Question 025 — Question 25 — Indulgences 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether an indulgence can remit any part of the punishment due for the satisfaction of sins? Article 2 — Whether indulgences are as effective as they claim to be? Article 3 — Whether an indulgence ought to be granted for temporal help? Question 026 — Question 26 — Those Who Can Grant Indulgences 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether every parish priest can grant indulgences? Article 2 — Whether a deacon or another who is not a priest can grant an indulgence? Article 3 — Whether a bishop can grant indulgences? Article 4 — Whether indulgences can be granted by one who is in mortal sin? Question 027 — Question 27 — Those Whom Indulgences Avail 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether an indulgence avails those who are in mortal sin? Article 2 — Whether indulgences avail religious? Article 3 — Whether an indulgence can ever be granted to one who does not fulfill the conditions required? Article 4 — Whether an indulgence avails the person who grants it? Question 028 — Question 28 — The Solemn Rite of Penance 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a penance should be published or solemnized? Article 2 — Whether a solemn penance can be repeated? Article 3 — Whether solemn penance is suitably imposed on women and clerics, and whether any priest can impose it? Question 029 — Question 29 — The Sacrament of Extreme Unction 10 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether extreme unction is a sacrament? Article 2 — Whether extreme unction is one sacrament? Article 3 — Whether this sacrament was instituted by Christ? Article 4 — Whether olive oil is a suitable matter for this sacrament? Article 5 — Whether the oil ought to be consecrated? Article 6 — Whether the matter of this sacrament ought to be consecrated by a bishop? Article 7 — Whether this sacrament has a form? Article 8 — Whether the form of this sacrament should be expressed by way of assertion or of petition? Article 9 — Whether the foregoing prayer is a suitable form for this sacrament? Question 030 — Question 30 — The Effect of Extreme Unction 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether extreme unction avails for the remission of sins? Article 2 — Whether bodily health is an effect of this sacrament? Article 3 — Whether this sacrament imprints a character? Question 031 — Question 31 — The Minister of Extreme Unction 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a layman can confer this sacrament? Article 2 — Whether deacons can confer this sacrament? Article 3 — Whether none but a bishop can confer this sacrament? Question 032 — Question 32 — Recipient of Extreme Unction 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether this sacrament ought to be conferred on those who are in good health? Article 2 — Whether this sacrament ought to be given in any kind of sickness? Article 3 — Whether this sacrament ought to be given to madmen and imbeciles? Article 4 — Whether this sacrament should be given to children? Article 5 — Whether the whole body should be anointed in this sacrament? Article 6 — Whether the parts to be anointed are suitably assigned? Article 7 — Whether those who are deformed in those parts should be anointed? Question 033 — Question 33 — The Repetition of Extreme Unction 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether this sacrament ought to be repeated? Article 2 — Whether this sacrament ought to be repeated during the same sickness? Question 034 — Question 34 — The Sacrament of Holy Orders 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether there should be orders in the Church? Article 2 — Whether holy orders is properly defined by the Master of the Sentences? Article 3 — Whether holy orders is a sacrament? Article 4 — Whether the form of this sacrament is suitably expressed? Article 5 — Whether this sacrament has any matter? Question 035 — Question 35 — The Effect of Holy Orders 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether sanctifying grace is conferred in the sacrament of holy orders? Article 2 — Whether in the sacrament of holy orders a character is imprinted in connection with all the orders? Article 3 — Whether the character of holy orders presupposes the baptismal character? Article 4 — Whether the character of holy orders necessarily presupposes the character of confirmation? Article 5 — Whether the character of one order necessarily presupposes the character of another order? Question 036 — Question 36 — The Qualities of Those Receiving Holy Orders 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether goodness of life is required of those who receive holy orders? Article 2 — Whether knowledge of all Sacred Scripture is required in those receiving holy orders? Article 3 — Whether one obtains the degrees of holy orders by the merit of one’s life? Article 4 — Whether he who raises the unworthy to holy orders commits a sin? Article 5 — Whether a man who is in sin can without sin exercise the holy orders he has received? Question 037 — Question 37 — Distinction, Acts, and Character of Order 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether we ought to distinguish several orders? Article 2 — Whether there are seven orders? Article 3 — Whether holy orders should be divided into those that are sacred and those that are not? Article 4 — Whether the acts of the orders are rightly assigned in the text? Article 5 — Whether the character is imprinted on a priest when the chalice is handed to him? Question 038 — Question 38 — Those Who Confer Orders 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a bishop alone confers the sacrament of holy orders? Article 2 — Whether heretics and those who are cut off from the Church can confer holy orders? Question 039 — Question 39 — The Impediments to Holy Orders 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the female sex is an impediment to receiving holy orders? Article 2 — Whether boys and those who lack the use of reason can receive holy orders? Article 3 — Whether the state of slavery is an impediment to receiving holy orders? Article 4 — Whether a man should be debarred from receiving holy orders on account of homicide? Article 5 — Whether those of illegitimate birth should be debarred from receiving holy orders? Article 6 — Whether lack of members should be an impediment? Question 040 — Question 40 — The Things Annexed to Holy Orders 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether those who are ordained ought to wear the tonsure? Article 2 — Whether the tonsure is an order? Article 3 — Whether by receiving the tonsure a man renounces temporal goods? Article 4 — Whether above the priestly order there ought to be an episcopal power? Article 5 — Whether the episcopate is an order? Article 6 — Whether in the Church there can be anyone above the bishops? Article 7 — Whether the vestments of the ministers are fittingly instituted in the Church? Question 041 — Question 41 — Matrimony as Directed to an Office of Nature 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether matrimony is of natural law? Article 2 — Whether matrimony still comes under a precept? Article 3 — Whether the marriage act is always sinful? Article 4 — Whether the marriage act is meritorious? Question 042 — Question 42 — Matrimony as a Sacrament 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether matrimony is a sacrament? Article 2 — Whether matrimony ought to have been instituted before sin? Article 3 — Whether matrimony confers grace? Article 4 — Whether carnal intercourse is an integral part of this sacrament? Question 043 — Question 43 — The Betrothal 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a betrothal is a promise of future marriage? Article 2 — Whether seven years is fittingly assigned as the age for betrothal? Article 3 — Whether a betrothal can be dissolved? Question 044 — Question 44 — The Definition of Matrimony 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether matrimony is a kind of joining? Article 2 — Whether matrimony is fittingly named? Article 3 — Whether matrimony is fittingly defined in the text? Question 045 — Question 45 — The Consent of Matrimony in Itself 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether consent is the efficient cause of matrimony? Article 2 — Whether the consent needs to be expressed in words? Article 3 — Whether consent given in words expressive of the future makes a marriage? Article 4 — Whether, in the absence of inward consent, a marriage is made by consent given in words of the present? Article 5 — Whether consent given secretly in words of the present makes a marriage? Question 046 — Question 46 — Things Added to the Consent 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether an oath added to the consent that is expressed in words of the future tense makes a marriage? Article 2 — Whether carnal intercourse after consent expressed in words of the future makes a marriage? Question 047 — Question 47 — Compulsory and Conditional Consent 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a compulsory consent is possible? Article 2 — Whether a constant man can be compelled by fear? Article 3 — Whether compulsory consent invalidates a marriage? Article 4 — Whether compulsory consent makes a marriage as regards the party who uses compulsion? Article 5 — Whether conditional consent makes a marriage? Article 6 — Whether one can be compelled by a father’s command to marry? Question 048 — Question 48 — The Object of Consent 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the consent that makes a marriage is a consent to carnal intercourse? Article 2 — Whether marriage can result from one person’s consent to take another for a base motive? Question 049 — Question 49 — The Goods of Matrimony 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether certain blessings are necessary in order to excuse marriage? Article 2 — Whether the goods of marriage are sufficiently enumerated by the Master as <i>faith, offspring, and sacrament</i>? Article 3 — Whether the sacrament is the chief of the marriage goods? Article 4 — Whether the marriage act can be altogether excused from sin by the aforesaid goods? Article 5 — Whether the marriage act can be excused without the marriage goods? Article 6 — Whether it is a mortal sin for a man to have knowledge of his wife with the intention not of a marriage good but merely of pleasure? Question 050 — Question 50 — The Impediments to Matrimony in General 2 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether impediments are fittingly assigned to marriage? Question 051 — Question 51 — The Impediment of Error 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether error should be reckoned in itself an impediment to marriage? Article 2 — Whether every error is an impediment to matrimony? Question 052 — Question 52 — The Impediment of the Condition of Slavery 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the condition of slavery is an impediment to matrimony? Article 2 — Whether a slave can marry without his master’s consent? Article 3 — Whether slavery can supervene to marriage by a man selling himself to another as a slave? Article 4 — Whether children should follow the condition of their father? Question 053 — Question 53 — The Impediment of Vows and Holy Orders 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a marriage already contracted should be annulled by the obligation of a simple vow? Article 2 — Whether a solemn vow dissolves a marriage already contracted? Article 3 — Whether holy orders is an impediment to matrimony? Article 4 — Whether a sacred order can supervene to matrimony? Question 054 — Question 54 — The Impediment of Consanguinity 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether consanguinity is rightly defined? Article 2 — Whether consanguinity is fittingly distinguished by lines and degrees? Article 3 — Whether consanguinity is, by natural law, an impediment to matrimony? Article 4 — Whether the degrees of consanguinity that are an impediment to matrimony could be fixed by the Church as far as the fourth degree? Question 055 — Question 55 — The Impediment of Affinity 12 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether affinity is contracted through the marriage of a blood relation? Article 2 — Whether after the death of a man, affinity remains between his blood relations and his wife? Article 3 — Whether unlawful intercourse causes affinity? Article 4 — Whether affinity can be caused by betrothal? Article 5 — Whether affinity is a cause of affinity? Article 6 — Whether affinity is an impediment to matrimony? Article 7 — Whether affinity in itself admits of degrees? Article 8 — Whether the degrees of affinity extend in the same way as the degrees of consanguinity? Article 9 — Whether a marriage contracted by affines or blood relations should always be annulled by divorce? Article 10 — Whether one should proceed by way of accusation for the annulment of a marriage contracted between affines and blood relations? Article 11 — Whether in a suit of this kind one should proceed by hearing witnesses, as in other suits? Question 056 — Question 56 — The Impediment of Spiritual Relationship 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether spiritual relationship is an impediment to marriage? Article 2 — Whether spiritual relationship is contracted by baptism only? Article 3 — Whether spiritual relationship is contracted between the person baptized and the person who raises him from the sacred font? Article 4 — Whether spiritual relationship passes from husband to wife? Article 5 — Whether spiritual relationship passes to the godfather’s carnal children? Question 057 — Question 57 — Legal Relationship Which is by Adoption 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether adoption is rightly defined? Article 2 — Whether a tie that is an impediment to marriage is contracted through adoption? Article 3 — Whether such relationship is contracted only between the adopting father and the adopted child? Question 058 — Question 58 — Various Impediments 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether impotence is an impediment to marriage? Article 2 — Whether a spell can be an impediment to marriage? Article 3 — Whether madness is an impediment to marriage? Article 4 — Whether marriage is annulled by the husband committing incest with his wife’s sister? Article 5 — Whether defective age is an impediment to marriage? Question 059 — Question 59 — Disparity of Worship as an Impediment to Matrimony 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a believer can marry an unbeliever? Article 2 — Whether there can be marriage between unbelievers? Article 3 — Whether the husband, being converted to the faith, may remain with his wife if she be unwilling to be converted? Article 4 — Whether a believer can, after his conversion, put away his unbelieving wife if she be willing to cohabit with him without insult to the Creator? Article 5 — Whether the believer who leaves his unbelieving wife can take another wife? Article 6 — Whether other sins dissolve marriage as does unbelief? Question 060 — Question 60 — Uxoricide 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether it is lawful for a man to kill his wife if she be discovered in the act of adultery? Article 2 — Whether uxoricide is an impediment to marriage? Question 061 — Question 61 — The Impediment to Matrimony of a Solemn Vow 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether one party, after the marriage has been consummated, can enter religion without the other’s consent? Article 2 — Whether before the marriage has been consummated one consort can enter religion without the other’s consent? Article 3 — Whether the wife may take another husband if her husband has entered religion before the consummation of the marriage? Question 062 — Question 62 — Fornication 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether it is lawful for a husband to put away his wife on account of fornication? Article 2 — Whether the husband is bound by precept to put away his wife when she is guilty of fornication? Article 3 — Whether the husband can on his own judgment put away his wife on account of fornication? Article 4 — Whether in a case of divorce husband and wife should be judged on a par with each other? Article 5 — Whether a husband can marry again after having a divorce? Article 6 — Whether husband and wife may be reconciled after being divorced? Question 063 — Question 63 — Second Marriages 3 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether a second marriage is lawful? Article 2 — Whether a second marriage is a sacrament? Question 064 — Question 64 — The Payment of the Marriage Debt 11 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether husband and wife are mutually bound to the payment of the marriage debt? Article 2 — Whether a husband is bound to pay the debt if his wife does not ask for it? Article 3 — Whether it is licit for a menstruating woman to request the marriage debt? Article 4 — Whether a menstruating woman ought to render the debt to a husband who asks? Article 5 — Whether husband and wife are equals in the marriage act? Article 6 — Whether husband and wife can take a vow contrary to the marriage debt without their mutual consent? Article 7 — Whether it is forbidden to demand the debt on holy days? Article 8 — Whether it is a mortal sin to ask for the debt at a holy time? Article 9 — Whether one is bound to pay the debt at a festal time? Article 10 — Whether marriage is forbidden during certain periods? Question 065 — Question 65 — Bigamy 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether it is against the natural law to have several wives? Article 2 — Whether it was ever lawful to have several wives? Article 3 — Whether it is against the natural law to have a concubine? Article 4 — Whether it is a mortal sin to have intercourse with a concubine? Article 5 — Whether it was ever lawful to have a concubine? Question 066 — Question 66 — Bigamy and the Irregularity Contracted Thereby 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether irregularity attaches to the bigamy that consists in having two wives successively? Article 2 — Whether irregularity results from bigamy when one husband has two wives, one in law, the other in fact? Article 3 — Whether irregularity is contracted by marrying one who is not a virgin? Article 4 — Whether bigamy is removed by baptism? Article 5 — Whether it is lawful for a bigamist to receive a dispensation? Question 067 — Question 67 — The Bill of Divorce 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether inseparableness of the wife is of natural law? Article 2 — Whether it may have been lawful by dispensation to put away a wife? Article 3 — Whether it was lawful to divorce a wife under the Mosaic law? Article 4 — Whether it was lawful for a divorced wife to have another husband? Article 5 — Whether a husband could lawfully take back the wife he had divorced? Article 6 — Whether the reason for divorce was hatred for the wife? Article 7 — Whether the causes of divorce had to be written in the bill? Question 068 — Question 68 — Illegitimate Children 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether children born out of true marriage are illegitimate? Article 2 — Whether children should suffer any loss through being illegitimate? Article 3 — Whether an illegitimate son can be legitimized? Question 069 — Question 69 — The Place of Souls after Death 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether places are appointed to receive souls after death? Article 2 — Whether souls are conveyed to heaven or hell immediately after death? Article 3 — Whether the souls who are in heaven or hell are able to leave? Article 4 — Whether the limbo of hell is the same as Abraham’s bosom? Article 5 — Whether limbo is the same as the hell of the damned? Article 6 — Whether the limbo of children is the same as the limbo of the fathers? Article 7 — Whether so many abodes should be distinguished? Question 070 — Question 70 — The Separated Soul’s Quality and Its Punishment by Material Fire 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the sensitive powers remain in the separated soul? Article 2 — Whether the acts of the sensitive powers remain in the separated soul? Article 3 — Whether the separated soul can suffer from a bodily fire? Question 071 — Question 71 — The Suffrages for the Dead 15 chapters Question 072 — Question 72 — Prayers With Regard to the Saints in Heaven 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the saints have knowledge of our prayers? Article 2 — Whether we ought to call upon the saints to pray for us? Article 3 — Whether the prayers which the saints pour forth to God for us are always granted? Question 073 — Question 73 — The Signs That Will Precede the Judgment 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether any signs will precede the Lord’s coming to judgment? Article 2 — Whether toward the time of the judgment the sun and moon will be darkened in very truth? Article 3 — Whether the Virtues of heaven will be moved when our Lord shall come? Question 074 — Question 74 — The Fire of the Final Conflagration 10 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the world is to be cleansed? Article 2 — Whether the cleansing of the world will be effected by fire? Article 3 — Whether the fire whereby the world will be cleansed will be of the same species with elemental fire? Article 4 — Whether that fire will cleanse also the higher heavens? Article 5 — Whether that fire will consume the other elements? Article 6 — Whether all the elements will be cleansed by that fire? Article 7 — Whether the fire of the final conflagration is to follow the judgment? Article 8 — Whether that fire will have such an effect on men as is described? Article 9 — Whether that fire will engulf the wicked? Question 075 — Question 75 — The Resurrection 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether there is to be a resurrection of the body? Article 2 — Whether the resurrection will be for all without exception? Article 3 — Whether the resurrection is natural? Question 076 — Question 76 — The Cause of the Resurrection 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the resurrection of Christ is the cause of our resurrection? Article 2 — Whether the sound of the trumpet will be the cause of our resurrection? Article 3 — Whether the angels will do anything toward the resurrection? Question 077 — Question 77 — The Time and Manner of the Resurrection 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the time of our resurrection should be delayed till the end of the world? Article 2 — Whether the time of our resurrection is hidden? Article 3 — Whether the resurrection will take place at night-time? Article 4 — Whether the resurrection will happen suddenly or by degrees? Question 078 — Question 78 — The Starting Terminus of the Resurrection 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether death will be the starting terminus of the resurrection in all cases? Article 2 — Whether all will rise again from ashes? Article 3 — Whether the ashes from which the human body will be restored have any natural inclination toward the soul which will be united to them? Question 079 — Question 79 — The Conditions of the Resurrected, and First of Their Identity 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether in the resurrection the soul will be reunited to the same body in number? Article 2 — Whether it will be the same man in number that shall rise again? Article 3 — Whether the ashes of the human body must, by the resurrection, return to the same parts of the body that were dissolved into them? Question 080 — Question 80 — The Integrity of the Bodies of Those Who Rise Again 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether all the members of the human body will rise again? Article 2 — Whether the hair and nails will rise again in the human body? Article 3 — Whether the humors will rise again in the body? Article 4 — Whether whatever in the body belonged to the truth of human nature will rise again in it? Article 5 — Whether whatever was materially in a man’s members will all rise again? Question 081 — Question 81 — The Quality of Those Who Rise Again 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether all will rise again of the same age, namely, the youthful age? Article 2 — Whether all will rise again of the same stature? Article 3 — Whether all will rise again of the male sex? Article 4 — Whether all will rise again to animal life so as to exercise the functions of nutrition and generation? Question 082 — Question 82 — The Impassibility of the Blessed Who Rise Again 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the bodies of the saints will be impassible after the resurrection? Article 2 — Whether all will be equally impassible? Article 3 — Whether impassibility excludes actual sensation from glorified bodies? Article 4 — Whether in the blessed, after the resurrection, all the senses will be in act? Question 083 — Question 83 — The Subtlety of the Bodies of the Blessed 7 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether subtlety is a property of the glorified body? Article 2 — Whether by reason of this subtlety a glorified body is able to be in the same place with another body not glorified? Article 3 — Whether it is possible, by a miracle, for two bodies to be in the same place? Article 4 — Whether one glorified body can be in the same place together with another glorified body? Article 5 — Whether by virtue of its subtlety a glorified body will no longer need to be in an equal place? Article 6 — Whether the glorified body, by reason of its subtlety, will be impalpable? Question 084 — Question 84 — The Agility of the Bodies of the Blessed 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the glorified bodies will be agile? Article 2 — Whether the saints will use their agility for the purpose of movement? Article 3 — Whether the movement of the saints will be instantaneous? Question 085 — Question 85 — The Clarity of the Bodies of the Blessed 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether clarity is becoming to the glorified body? Article 2 — Whether the clarity of the glorified body is visible to the non-glorified eye? Article 3 — Whether a glorified body will be necessarily seen by a non-glorified body? Question 086 — Question 86 — The Condition of the Bodies of the Damned 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the bodies of the damned will rise again with their deformities? Article 2 — Whether the bodies of the damned will be incorruptible? Article 3 — Whether the bodies of the damned will be impassible? Question 087 — Question 87 — Men’s Knowledge of Merits and Demerits at the Judgment 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether after the resurrection every one will know what sins he has committed? Article 2 — Whether every one will be able to read all that is in another’s conscience? Article 3 — Whether all merits and demerits, one’s own as well as those of others, will be seen by anyone at a single glance? Question 088 — Question 88 — The Time and Place at Which the General Judgment Will Be 5 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether there will be a general judgment? Article 2 — Whether the judgment, as regards the inquiry and sentence, will take place by word of mouth? Article 3 — Whether the time of the future judgment is unknown? Article 4 — Whether the judgment will take place in the valley of Josaphat or in the surrounding locality? Question 089 — Question 89 — The Judges and the Judged at the General Judgment 9 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether any men will judge together with Christ? Article 2 — Whether the judicial power corresponds to voluntary poverty? Article 3 — Whether the angels will judge? Article 4 — Whether the demons will carry out the sentence of the judge on the damned? Article 5 — Whether all men will be present at the judgment? Article 6 — Whether the good will be judged at the judgment? Article 7 — Whether the wicked will be judged? Article 8 — Whether at the coming judgment the angels will be judged? Question 090 — Question 90 — The Form of the Judge in Coming to the Judgment 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether Christ will judge under the form of his humanity? Article 2 — Whether at the judgment Christ will appear in his glorified humanity? Article 3 — Whether divinity can be seen by the wicked without joy? Question 091 — Question 91 — The Quality of the World After the Judgment 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the world will be renewed? Article 2 — Whether the movement of the heavenly bodies will cease? Article 3 — Whether the brightness of the heavenly bodies will be increased at this renewal? Article 4 — Whether the elements will be renewed by an addition of brightness? Article 5 — Whether the plants and animals will remain in this renewal? Question 092 — Question 92 — The Vision of the Divine Essence in Reference to the Blessed 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the human intellect can attain to the vision of God in his essence? Article 2 — Whether after the resurrection the saints will see God with the eyes of the body? Article 3 — Whether the saints, seeing God in his essence, see all that God sees in himself? Question 093 — Question 93 — The Happiness of the Saints and Their Mansions 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the happiness of the saints will be greater after the judgment than before? Article 2 — Whether the degrees of beatitude should be called mansions? Article 3 — Whether the various mansions are distinguished according to the various degrees of charity? Question 094 — Question 94 — The Relation of the Saints Towards the Damned 4 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether the blessed in heaven will see the sufferings of the damned? Article 2 — Whether the blessed pity the unhappiness of the damned? Article 3 — Whether the blessed rejoice in the punishment of the wicked? Question 095 — Question 95 — The Gifts of the Blessed 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether any gifts should be assigned as dowry to the blessed? Article 2 — Whether the dowry is the same as beatitude? Article 3 — Whether it is fitting that Christ should receive a dowry? Article 4 — Whether the angels receive the dowries? Article 5 — Whether three dowries of the soul are suitably assigned: namely, vision, love, and fruition? Question 096 — Question 96 — The Aureoles 14 chapters Question 097 — Question 97 — The Punishment of the Damned 8 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether in hell the damned are tormented by the sole punishment of fire? Article 2 — Whether the worm by which the damned are tormented is corporeal? Article 3 — Whether the weeping of the damned will be corporeal? Article 4 — Whether the damned are in material darkness? Article 5 — Whether the fire of hell whereby the bodies of the damned will be tormented will be corporeal? Article 6 — Whether the fire of hell is of the same species as the corporeal fire which we see? Article 7 — Whether the fire of hell is beneath the earth? Question 098 — Question 98 — The Will and Intellect of the Damned 10 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether every act of will in the damned is evil? Article 2 — Whether the damned repent of the evil they have done? Article 3 — Whether the damned by right and deliberate reason would wish not to be? Article 4 — Whether in hell the damned would wish others who are not damned to be damned? Article 5 — Whether the damned hate God? Article 6 — Whether the damned demerit? Article 7 — Whether the damned can make use of the knowledge they had in this world? Article 8 — Whether the damned will ever think of God? Article 9 — Whether the damned see the glory of the blessed? Question 099 — Question 99 — God’s Mercy and Justice Towards the Damned 6 chapters Prooemium Article 1 — Whether by divine justice an eternal punishment is inflicted on sinners? Article 2 — Whether by God’s mercy all punishment of the damned, both men and demons, comes to an end? Article 3 — Whether God’s mercy suffers at least men to be punished eternally? Article 4 — Whether the punishment of Christians is brought to an end by the mercy of God? Article 5 — Whether those who perform works of mercy will be punished eternally, or only those who neglect those works?
